InVivoMAb rat IgG1 isotype control, anti-horseradish peroxidase
Product Description
Specifications
| Isotype | Rat IgG1, κ |
|---|---|
| Recommended Dilution Buffer | InVivoPure pH 7.0 Dilution Buffer |
| Conjugation | This product is unconjugated. Conjugation is available via our Antibody Conjugation Services. |
| Formulation |
PBS, pH 7.0 Contains no stabilizers or preservatives |
| Endotoxin |
≤1EU/mg (≤0.001EU/μg) Determined by LAL assay |
| Purity |
≥95% Determined by SDS-PAGE |
| Sterility | 0.2 µm filtration |
| Production | Purified from cell culture supernatant in an animal-free facility |
| Purification | Protein G |
| RRID | AB_1107775 |
| Molecular Weight | 150 kDa |
| Storage | The antibody solution should be stored at the stock concentration at 4°C. Do not freeze. |
| Need a Custom Formulation? | See All Antibody Customization Options |
Application References
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Sell, S., et al (2015). "Control of murine cytomegalovirus infection by gammadelta T cells" PLoS Pathog 11(2): e1004481.
PubMed
Infections with cytomegalovirus (CMV) can cause severe disease in immunosuppressed patients and infected newborns. Innate as well as cellular and humoral adaptive immune effector functions contribute to the control of CMV in immunocompetent individuals. None of the innate or adaptive immune functions are essential for virus control, however. Expansion of gammadelta T cells has been observed during human CMV (HCMV) infection in the fetus and in transplant patients with HCMV reactivation but the protective function of gammadelta T cells under these conditions remains unclear. Here we show for murine CMV (MCMV) infections that mice that lack CD8 and CD4 alphabeta-T cells as well as B lymphocytes can control a MCMV infection that is lethal in RAG-1(-/-) mice lacking any T- and B-cells. gammadelta T cells, isolated from infected mice can kill MCMV infected target cells in vitro and, importantly, provide long-term protection in infected RAG-1(-/-) mice after adoptive transfer. gammadelta T cells in MCMV infected hosts undergo a prominent and long-lasting phenotypic change most compatible with the view that the majority of the gammadelta T cell population persists in an effector/memory state even after resolution of the acute phase of the infection. A clonotypically focused Vgamma1 and Vgamma2 repertoire was observed at later stages of the infection in the organs where MCMV persists. These findings add gammadelta T cells as yet another protective component to the anti-CMV immune response. Our data provide clear evidence that gammadelta T cells can provide an effective control mechanism of acute CMV infections, particularly when conventional adaptive immune mechanisms are insufficient or absent, like in transplant patient or in the developing immune system in utero. The findings have implications in the stem cell transplant setting, as antigen recognition by gammadelta T cells is not MHC-restricted and dual reactivity against CMV and tumors has been described.
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Grinberg-Bleyer, Y., et al (2015). "Cutting edge: NF-kappaB p65 and c-Rel control epidermal development and immune homeostasis in the skin" J Immunol 194(6): 2472-2476.
PubMed
Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease in which activated immune cells and the proinflammatory cytokine TNF are well-known mediators of pathogenesis. The transcription factor NF-kappaB is a key regulator of TNF production and TNF-induced proinflammatory gene expression, and both the psoriatic transcriptome and genetic susceptibility further implicate NF-kappaB in psoriasis etiopathology. However, the role of NF-kappaB in psoriasis remains controversial. We analyzed the function of canonical NF-kappaB in the epidermis using CRE-mediated deletion of p65 and c-Rel in keratinocytes. In contrast to animals lacking p65 or c-Rel alone, mice lacking both subunits developed severe dermatitis after birth. Consistent with its partial histological similarity to human psoriasis, this condition could be prevented by anti-TNF treatment. Moreover, regulatory T cells in lesional skin played an important role in disease remission. Our results demonstrate that canonical NF-kappaB in keratinocytes is essential for the maintenance of skin immune homeostasis and is protective against spontaneous dermatitis.
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Beug, S. T., et al (2014). "Smac mimetics and innate immune stimuli synergize to promote tumor death" Nat Biotechnol 32(2): 182-190.
PubMed
Smac mimetic compounds (SMC), a class of drugs that sensitize cells to apoptosis by counteracting the activity of inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins, have proven safe in phase 1 clinical trials in cancer patients. However, because SMCs act by enabling transduction of pro-apoptotic signals, SMC monotherapy may be efficacious only in the subset of patients whose tumors produce large quantities of death-inducing proteins such as inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, we reasoned that SMCs would synergize with agents that stimulate a potent yet safe “cytokine storm.” Here we show that oncolytic viruses and adjuvants such as poly(I:C) and CpG induce bystander death of cancer cells treated with SMCs that is mediated by interferon beta (IFN-beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and/or TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). This combinatorial treatment resulted in tumor regression and extended survival in two mouse models of cancer. As these and other adjuvants have been proven safe in clinical trials, it may be worthwhile to explore their clinical efficacy in combination with SMCs.
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DeBerge, M. P., et al (2014). "Soluble, but not transmembrane, TNF-alpha is required during influenza infection to limit the magnitude of immune responses and the extent of immunopathology" J Immunol 192(12): 5839-5851.
PubMed
TNF-alpha is a pleotropic cytokine that has both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions during influenza infection. TNF-alpha is first expressed as a transmembrane protein that is proteolytically processed to release a soluble form. Transmembrane TNF-alpha (memTNF-alpha) and soluble TNF-alpha (solTNF-alpha) have been shown to exert distinct tissue-protective or tissue-pathologic effects in several disease models. However, the relative contributions of memTNF-alpha or solTNF-alpha in regulating pulmonary immunopathology following influenza infection are unclear. Therefore, we performed intranasal influenza infection in mice exclusively expressing noncleavable memTNF-alpha or lacking TNF-alpha entirely and examined the outcomes. We found that solTNF-alpha, but not memTNF-alpha, was required to limit the size of the immune response and the extent of injury. In the absence of solTNF-alpha, there was a significant increase in the CD8(+) T cell response, including virus-specific CD8(+) T cells, which was due in part to an increased resistance to activation-induced cell death. We found that solTNF-alpha mediates these immunoregulatory effects primarily through TNFR1, because mice deficient in TNFR1, but not TNFR2, exhibited dysregulated immune responses and exacerbated injury similar to that observed in mice lacking solTNF-alpha. We also found that solTNF-alpha expression was required early during infection to regulate the magnitude of the CD8(+) T cell response, indicating that early inflammatory events are critical for the regulation of the effector phase. Taken together, these findings suggest that processing of memTNF-alpha to release solTNF-alpha is a critical event regulating the immune response during influenza infection.
Product Citations
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Intrinsic endothelial remodeling drives brain capillary repair.
In Neuron on 5 August 2026 by Condrau, J., Glück, C., et al.
PubMed
The brain's microvasculature is essential for oxygen and nutrient delivery; however, the mechanisms underlying cerebral capillary repair following injury remain largely elusive. Here, we identify an unrecognized mechanism through which brain capillary endothelial cells (ECs) autonomously promote capillary remodeling. Using longitudinal two-photon imaging in mice, we demonstrate that following focal endothelial injury and selective loss of a single EC, neighboring ECs extend their plasma membranes toward each other, rapidly re-establishing capillary continuity and blood flow within 24-48 h. This repair process engages vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) signaling but occurs independently of perivascular or glial cell involvement. Finally, we reveal regional differences in repair efficacy, with hippocampal capillaries exhibiting a slower and less-efficient response compared with those in the cortex. These findings reveal an intrinsic mechanism that safeguards microvascular integrity and suggest that regional vulnerabilities in endothelial repair could shape brain resilience to injury and disease.
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Targeting CCR1 Remodels the Tumor Microenvironment and Relieves Immunosuppression in Pancreatic Cancer.
In Cancer Immunol Res on 4 August 2026 by Zhang, Y., Kadiyala, P., et al.
PubMed
A hallmark of pancreatic cancer is an extensive fibroinflammatory stroma. Myeloid cells, including abundant macrophages, are a prevalent cellular component of the pancreatic cancer microenvironment and a key driver of immunosuppression. Identifying mechanisms of myeloid cell-driven immunosuppression is thus key to developing therapeutic approaches. Harnessing single-cell RNA sequencing data from human and murine tumors, we determined that tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells (including macrophages and granulocytes) have elevated expression of C-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (CCR1). To determine the functional role of CCR1, we generated oncogenic KRAS-based genetically engineered mouse models of pancreatic cancer, with or without the addition of a mutant form of the tumor suppressor Trp53 (KC and KPC, respectively), lacking CCR1 expression. CCR1 inactivation did not affect the formation of early lesions but delayed progression to cancer and resulted in prolonged survival. In these mice, macrophages lacking CCR1 had reduced expression of the immunosuppressive marker arginase 1. Loss of CCR1 also profoundly shifted the prevalent fibroblast population, inducing a pancreatic stellate cell-like phenotype. In two independent syngeneic orthotopic models, ablation or pharmacologic inhibition of CCR1 reduced tumor growth and increased CD8+ T-cell cytotoxic activity, sensitizing tumors to immunotherapy. Our data show that CCR1-expressing myeloid cells promote pancreatic cancer growth through modulation of the immune microenvironment and fibroblasts, indicating that CCR1 might be a suitable target for combination therapy.
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Oncogenic Kras targeting with MRTX1133 or Daraxonrasib specifically synergize with anti-CTLA4 to promote anti-tumor immunity in pancreatic cancer.
In Nat Commun on 27 July 2026 by Mahadevan, K. K., Maldonado, A. S., et al.
PubMed
Lack of sustained response to oncogenic Kras (Kras*) inhibition in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) underscores the need to identify effective combination therapies. Here, we demonstrate that Kras* targeting using MRTX1133 or Daraxonrasib recruits diverse T-cell infiltrates, including regulatory (Tregs), effector and exhausted T cells into the PDAC microenvironment. Kras* inhibition induces T-cell influx and offers a therapeutic window to specifically prime PDAC to anti-CTLA4 immune checkpoint blockade efficacy, in contrast to anti-PD1, anti-Tim3, anti-Lag3, anti-Vista, and anti-4-1BB agonist combination therapy. Mechanistically, anti-CTLA4 combination therapy transcriptionally reprograms effector Tregs to a naive phenotype, reverses CD8+ T-cell exhaustion, and promotes recruitment of functional tertiary lymphoid structures to mediate anti-tumor immunity. Single-cell ATAC sequencing reveals that Treg reprogramming by anti-CTLA4 is epigenetically regulated by downregulation of AP-1 family transcription factors in the IL-35 promoter region. This study reveals an actionable vulnerability in the adaptive immune response in Kras* targeted PDAC with immediate clinical implications.
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KRASG12D inhibition reprograms the tumor-induced immunosuppressive environment and enhances NK cell-mediated antitumor immunity.
In Sci Adv on 24 July 2026 by Hu, T., Mo, T., et al.
PubMed
KRASG12D mutation drives oncogenic progression and creates an immunosuppressive microenvironment in cancers like pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and colorectal cancer. We investigate the immunomodulatory mechanisms of the KRASG12D inhibition and its synergy with natural killer (NK) cell therapies. We demonstrate that KRASG12D inhibition with MRTX1133 remodels the immune landscape by reducing myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) accumulation and facilitating infiltration and activation of NK and CD8+ T cells. Crucially, MRTX1133 reverses systemic immunosuppression, restoring the fitness of adoptively transferred NK cells. Mechanistically, KRASG12D inhibition impairs IFNGR1 palmitoylation and subsequent lysosomal degradation. MRTX1133 stabilizes IFNGR1 by reducing palmitoyltransferase expression and the palmitate pool. This stabilization increases IFN-γ/IFNGR signaling and up-regulates NK cell-activating ligands ICAM1 and ULBP1, thereby sensitizing cancer cells to NK cells. Consequently, combining MRTX1133 with IL-15 or adoptive NK cell therapy yields synergistic antitumor responses and prolonged survival. Our findings provide mechanistic rationale for combining KRASG12D inhibitors with NK cell-based immunotherapies to improve outcomes for patients with KRASG12D-mutant cancers.