InVivoMAb anti-mouse Notch4
Product Details
The HMN4-14 monoclonal antibody reacts with mouse neurogenic locus notch homolog 4 (Notch4) a member of the Notch family of type 1 transmembrane proteins. The Notch signaling pathway is a highly conserved intercellular signaling pathway. Five Notch ligands have been identified including DLL4 and Jagged2. Upon ligand binding the Notch receptor undergoes proteolysis and translocates to the nucleus ultimately activating transcription. The Notch pathway has been shown to play a role in myeloid cell proliferation, hematopoiesis, and embryonic endothelial development.Specifications
| Isotype | Armenian Hamster IgG,Ā Īŗ |
|---|---|
| Recommended Isotype Control(s) | InVivoMAb polyclonal Armenian hamster IgG |
| Recommended Dilution Buffer | InVivoPure pH 7.0 Dilution Buffer |
| Conjugation | This product is unconjugated. Conjugation is available via our Antibody Conjugation Services. |
| Immunogen | Notch4-Fc recombinant protein |
| Reported Applications |
in vivo Notch4 blocking in vitro Notch4 stimulation Flow cytometry |
| Formulation |
PBS, pH 7.0 Contains no stabilizers or preservatives |
| Endotoxin |
<2EU/mg (<0.002EU/Ī¼g) Determined by LAL gel clotting assay |
| Purity |
>95% Determined by SDS-PAGE |
| Sterility | 0.2 Āµm filtration |
| Production | Purified from cell culture supernatant in an animal-free facility |
| Purification | Protein G |
| RRID | AB_10948996 |
| Molecular Weight | 150 kDa |
| Storage | The antibody solution should be stored at the stock concentration at 4Ā°C. Do not freeze. |
Recommended Products
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Recommended Isotype Control(s)
InVivoMAb polyclonal Armenian hamster IgG
-
Recommended Dilution Buffer
InVivoPure pH 7.0 Dilution Buffer
in vivo Notch4 blocking
Xia, M., et al. (2018). "A Jagged 1-Notch 4 molecular switch mediates airway inflammation induced by ultrafine particles" J Allergy Clin Immunol 142(4): 1243-1256.e1217. PubMed
BACKGROUND: Exposure to traffic-related particulate matter promotes asthma and allergic diseases. However, the precise cellular and molecular mechanisms by which particulate matter exposure acts to mediate these effects remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: We sought to elucidate the cellular targets and signaling pathways critical for augmentation of allergic airway inflammation induced by ambient ultrafine particles (UFP). METHODS: We used in vitro cell-culture assays with lung-derived antigen-presenting cells and allergen-specific T cells and in vivo mouse models of allergic airway inflammation with myeloid lineage-specific gene deletions, cellular reconstitution approaches, and antibody inhibition studies. RESULTS: We identified lung alveolar macrophages (AM) as the key cellular target of UFP in promoting airway inflammation. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent induction of Jagged 1 (Jag1) expression in AM was necessary and sufficient for augmentation of allergic airway inflammation by UFP. UFP promoted T(H)2 and T(H)17 cell differentiation of allergen-specific T cells in a Jag1- and Notch 4-dependent manner. Treatment of mice with an anti-Notch 4 antibody abrogated exacerbation of allergic airway inflammation induced by UFP. CONCLUSION: UFP exacerbate allergic airway inflammation by promoting a Jag1-Notch 4-dependent interaction between AM and allergen-specific T cells, leading to augmented T(H) cell differentiation.
Flow Cytometry
Murata, A., et al. (2014). "An evolutionary-conserved function of mammalian notch family members as cell adhesion molecules" PLoS One 9(9): e108535. PubMed
Notch family members were first identified as cell adhesion molecules by cell aggregation assays in Drosophila studies. However, they are generally recognized as signaling molecules, and it was unclear if their adhesion function was restricted to Drosophila. We previously demonstrated that a mouse Notch ligand, Delta-like 1 (Dll1) functioned as a cell adhesion molecule. We here investigated whether this adhesion function was conserved in the diversified mammalian Notch ligands consisted of two families, Delta-like (Dll1, Dll3 and Dll4) and Jagged (Jag1 and Jag2). The forced expression of mouse Dll1, Dll4, Jag1, and Jag2, but not Dll3, on stromal cells induced the rapid and enhanced adhesion of cultured mast cells (MCs). This was attributed to the binding of Notch1 and Notch2 on MCs to each Notch ligand on the stromal cells themselves, and not the activation of Notch signaling. Notch receptor-ligand binding strongly supported the tethering of MCs to stromal cells, the first step of cell adhesion. However, the Jag2-mediated adhesion of MCs was weaker and unlike other ligands appeared to require additional factor(s) in addition to the receptor-ligand binding. Taken together, these results demonstrated that the function of cell adhesion was conserved in mammalian as well as Drosophila Notch family members. Since Notch receptor-ligand interaction plays important roles in a broad spectrum of biological processes ranging from embryogenesis to disorders, our finding will provide a new perspective on these issues from the aspect of cell adhesion.
in vitro Notch4 stimulation
Sekine, C., et al. (2014). "Macrophage-derived delta-like protein 1 enhances interleukin-6 and matrix metalloproteinase 3 production by fibroblast-like synoviocytes in mice with collagen-induced arthritis" Arthritis Rheumatol 66(10): 2751-2761. PubMed
OBJECTIVE: We previously reported that blockade of the Notch ligand delta-like protein 1 (DLL-1) suppressed osteoclastogenesis and ameliorated arthritis in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the mechanisms by which joint inflammation were suppressed have not yet been revealed. This study was undertaken to determine whether DLL-1 regulates the production of RA-related proinflammatory cytokines. METHODS: Joint cells from mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and mouse fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) were cultured with or without stimuli in the presence of neutralizing antibodies against Notch ligands, and the production of proinflammatory cytokines was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of Notch receptors and ligands on mouse joint cells was determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) by mouse joint cells with or without stimulation was suppressed by DLL-1 blockade. DLL-1 blockade also suppressed the levels of IL-6 and matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) in the joint fluid in a mouse model of RA. However, the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-1beta was not suppressed by DLL-1 blockade. The production of IL-6 and MMP-3 by mouse FLS was enhanced by DLL-1 stimulation as well as Notch-2 activation. Among joint cells, DLL-1 was not expressed on mouse FLS but was expressed on macrophages. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the interaction of DLL-1 on mouse joint macrophages with Notch-2 on mouse FLS enhances the production of IL-6 and MMP-3. Therefore, suppression of IL-6, GM-CSF, and MMP-3 production by DLL-1 blockade might be responsible for the amelioration of arthritis in a mouse model of RA.
in vitro Notch4 stimulation
Sekine, C., et al. (2012). "Differential regulation of osteoclastogenesis by Notch2/Delta-like 1 and Notch1/Jagged1 axes" Arthritis Res Ther 14(2): R45. PubMed
INTRODUCTION: Osteoclastogenesis plays an important role in the bone erosion of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Recently, Notch receptors have been implicated in the development of osteoclasts. However, the responsible Notch ligands have not been identified yet. This study was undertaken to determine the role of individual Notch receptors and ligands in osteoclastogenesis. METHODS: Mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages or human peripheral blood monocytes were used as osteoclast precursors and cultured with receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) and macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) to induce osteoclasts. Osteoclasts were detected by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. K/BxN serum-induced arthritic mice and ovariectomized mice were treated with anti-mouse Delta-like 1 (Dll1) blocking monoclonal antibody (mAb). RESULTS: Blockade of a Notch ligand Dll1 with mAb inhibited osteoclastogenesis and, conversely, immobilized Dll1-Fc fusion protein enhanced it in both mice and humans. In contrast, blockade of a Notch ligand Jagged1 enhanced osteoclastogenesis and immobilized Jagged1-Fc suppressed it. Enhancement of osteoclastogenesis by agonistic anti-Notch2 mAb suggested that Dll1 promoted osteoclastogenesis via Notch2, while suppression by agonistic anti-Notch1 mAb suggested that Jagged1 suppressed osteoclastogenesis via Notch1. Inhibition of Notch signaling by a gamma-secretase inhibitor suppressed osteoclastogenesis, implying that Notch2/Dll1-mediated enhancement was dominant. Actually, blockade of Dll1 ameliorated arthritis induced by K/BxN serum transfer, reduced the number of osteoclasts in the affected joints and suppressed ovariectomy-induced bone loss. CONCLUSIONS: The differential regulation of osteoclastogenesis by Notch2/Dll1 and Notch1/Jagged1 axes may be a novel target for amelioration of bone erosion in RA patients.
- In Vitro,
- Homo sapiens (Human),
- Immunology and Microbiology
Notch4 signaling limits regulatory T-cell-mediated tissue repair and promotes severe lung inflammation in viral infections.
In Immunity on 8 June 2021 by Harb, H., Benamar, M., et al.
PubMed
A cardinal feature of COVID-19 is lung inflammation and respiratory failure. In a prospective multi-country cohort of COVID-19 patients, we found that increased Notch4 expression on circulating regulatory T (Treg) cells was associated with disease severity, predicted mortality, and declined upon recovery. Deletion of Notch4 in Treg cells or therapy with anti-Notch4 antibodies in conventional and humanized mice normalized the dysregulated innate immunity and rescued disease morbidity and mortality induced by a synthetic analog of viral RNA or by influenza H1N1 virus. Mechanistically, Notch4 suppressed the induction by interleukin-18 of amphiregulin, a cytokine necessary for tissue repair. Protection by Notch4 inhibition was recapitulated by therapy with Amphiregulin and, reciprocally, abrogated by its antagonism. Amphiregulin declined in COVID-19 subjects as a function of disease severity and Notch4 expression. Thus, Notch4 expression on Treg cells dynamically restrains amphiregulin-dependent tissue repair to promote severe lung inflammation, with therapeutic implications for COVID-19 and related infections. Copyright Ā© 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- Immunology and Microbiology
A regulatory T cell Notch4-GDF15 axis licenses tissue inflammation in asthma.
In Nature Immunology on 1 November 2020 by Harb, H., Stephen-Victor, E., et al.
PubMed
Elucidating the mechanisms that sustain asthmatic inflammation is critical for precision therapies. We found that interleukin-6- and STAT3 transcription factor-dependent upregulation of Notch4 receptor on lung tissue regulatory T (Treg) cells is necessary for allergens and particulate matter pollutants to promote airway inflammation. Notch4 subverted Treg cells into the type 2 and type 17 helper (TH2 and TH17) effector T cells by Wnt and Hippo pathway-dependent mechanisms. Wnt activation induced growth and differentiation factor 15 expression in Treg cells, which activated group 2 innate lymphoid cells to provide a feed-forward mechanism for aggravated inflammation. Notch4, Wnt and Hippo were upregulated in circulating Treg cells of individuals with asthma as a function of disease severity, in association with reduced Treg cell-mediated suppression. Our studies thus identify Notch4-mediated immune tolerance subversion as a fundamental mechanism that licenses tissue inflammation in asthma.
- In Vivo,
- Block,
- Mus musculus (House mouse),
- Immunology and Microbiology
A Jagged 1-Notch 4 molecular switch mediates airway inflammation induced by ultrafine particles.
In The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology on 1 October 2018 by Xia, M., Harb, H., et al.
PubMed
Exposure to traffic-related particulate matter promotes asthma and allergic diseases. However, the precise cellular and molecular mechanisms by which particulate matter exposure acts to mediate these effects remain unclear. We sought to elucidate the cellular targets and signaling pathways critical for augmentation of allergic airway inflammation induced by ambient ultrafine particles (UFP). We used inĀ vitro cell-culture assays with lung-derived antigen-presenting cells and allergen-specific T cells and inĀ vivo mouse models of allergic airway inflammation with myeloid lineage-specific gene deletions, cellular reconstitution approaches, and antibody inhibition studies. We identified lung alveolar macrophages (AM) as the key cellular target of UFP in promoting airway inflammation. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent induction of Jagged 1 (Jag1) expression in AM was necessary and sufficient for augmentation of allergic airway inflammation by UFP. UFP promoted TH2 and TH17Ā cell differentiation of allergen-specific T cells in a Jag1- and Notch 4-dependent manner. Treatment of mice with an anti-Notch 4 antibody abrogated exacerbation of allergic airway inflammation induced by UFP. UFP exacerbate allergic airway inflammation by promoting a Jag1-Notch 4-dependent interaction between AM and allergen-specific T cells, leading to augmented TH cell differentiation. Copyright Ā© 2018 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.